 -Dietary management of pregnant women
-During pregnancy the needs for some nutrients increase in quantity:
Energy
Protein
Iorn
Calcium
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| Key Points To Remember: |
- The meal frequency should be increased. Meals should be given 5-6 times a day.
- Plenty of fluids should be given
for e.g.; milk, juices, butter milk, coconut water.
- Include good, nutritious snacks
between meals, especially fruits
- Avoid too much fat and sugar.
- Avoid excess of fried foods.
- Take care to include iron,
calcium and some animal proteins in each meal.
- A mixed diet consisting of food
items from each group namely.
- Energy giving group
- Body- building group
- Regulatory / protectory group
- Miscellaneous
- The requirements for energy, proteins, calcium and iron are maximum during pregnancy hence include more of cereals, pulses, milk & milk products, fruits, green leafy vegetables, in the diet.
- If income persists nuts, oilseeds
should be included in the diet.
- Many times it is not possible to
include iron in the form of tablets can be given.
- Folic acid tablets also should be
given from the 2nd trimester.
- During pregnancy iodized salt
should be used for cooking to meet iodine needs.
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Foods rich in :
- Calcium :
Ragi, amaranth seeds, kidney beans, gingelly seeds,
mustard seeds, cumin seeds, poppy seeds, milk & milk
products, sea foods like hilsa, rohu, cheese, fenugreek,
are rich in calcium
- Iron :
Liver, mutton, mustard leaves, mint, lettuce, water melon, raisins, dates, apricot, phalsa, rice flakes, bajra, Soya bean, lentil, peas, Bengal gram,
Jaggery, green leafy vegetable
- Energy giving foods :
Cereals, roots and tubers, sugar, jaggery, fats and oil
- Proteins needs :
Milk &milk products, soyabean, egg, fish, goat’s meat, groundnuts, cashew nuts, pulses
- Some special food items prepared by elderly women in
the house like methi-paak, khajur paak, panjiri, badam
laddoo are beneficial if taken in moderate amount.
- Digestive changes occur because
of which Constipation results hence food which is well
cooked, semi-liquid foods should be given in moderation.
- To overcome morning sickness
carbohydrate foods like biscuits, breads etc should be
given with the bed-tea.
- To over come heart burns of
feeling of heaviness /fullness one should restrict
eating fatty & fried foods and very spicy foods.
- Fiber rich foods should be given
to overcome constipation.
- Minimum 8 to 10 glasses of water
should be given.
- Fluids like coconut water, butter
milk, lime juice, milk should be given in between meals.
- To avoid vomiting she should not
eat foods with very strong smell and strong flavors.
- She should
exercise daily as
advised by the doctor.
- She should go for morning walks
and evening walks.
- She should take adequate rest and
no hard work.
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The calorie requirement of normal women is 1875 Kcal and
50gms proteins the same women when pregnant will require 1875 + 300 =2175
Kcal and 50 + 15 = 65 g of proteins. |
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During the 1st trimester the foetus is small and its
nutritional needs are not significant. The requirement for
most nutrients increase only after the 2nd trimester
onwards. |
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